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<title>ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl</title>
<authors>Wikipedia</authors>
<publisher>wikipedia.org</publisher>
<publishedplace>network</publishedplace>
<publishedyear>2010</publishedyear>
<edition></edition>
<category>1991 video games</category>
<section id="30828" fatherid="0" title="" lv="" priority="-1" level="1">
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl is an action video game developed by Johnson Voorsanger Productions and published by Sega for the Mega Drive/Genesis video game console. Released in 1991, it centers on the titular ToeJam and Earl—alien rappers who have crash-landed on Earth. As they attempt to escape the planet, players assume the role of either character and collect pieces of their wrecked spacecraft. ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl's design was heavily influenced by the computer role-playing game Rogue, and took from it such features as the random generation of levels and items. It references and parodies 1990s urban culture and is set to a funk soundtrack.
The game was positively received by critics, who praised its originality, soundtrack, humor and two-player cooperative mode. It attained sleeper hit status despite low initial sales, and its protagonists were used as mascots by Sega. ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl was followed by two sequels: ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl in Panic on Funkotron and ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl III: Mission to Earth, released for the Mega Drive and Xbox, respectively. The sequels' commercial and critical success was mixed. The game again received positive reviews in 2006 when re-released for the Wii's Virtual Console.

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<section id="30829" fatherid="0" title="Synopsis" lv="" priority="-2" level="1">
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl has been called a surreal, comic satire, and a "daringly misanthropic commentary on Earthly life". The game's protagonists, ToeJam and Earl, have been described as a "three-legged red alien" and "fat orange alien", respectively.Kristan Reed, Virtual Console: SEGA Mega Drive, EuroGamer, Jan 23, 2007, Accessed Apr 8, 2009 ToeJam wears a large gold medallion and a backwards baseball cap, while Earl is marked by high-tops and oversized sunglasses; both outfits are "over-the-top appropriations" of 1990s urban culture. Their speech features California slang. The game is set to a soundtrack which has been described both as jazz-funk, and as hip hop. For the game's unique sound, composer John Baker was inspired by Herbie Hancock and The Headhunters.
In the game's opening sequence, ToeJam explains that Earl's erratic piloting abilities have resulted in a crash-landing on Earth. He says that they must find the pieces of their spacecraft's wreckage to return to their home planet, Funkotron.ToeJam: "We were cruisin' in our rocket, thumpin' out a funky beat, when big Earl said he'd like a shot in the driver's seat ... You should never let Earl drive. Yo, so here we are, chillin' out on the most insane planet in the galaxy, Planet Earth! Thanks to Earl ... All we have to do now, is find the 10 pieces of our rocketship and we can jet outta here. No problem." The player guides the characters as they avoid Earth's antagonistic inhabitants and search for the debris. Should the player succeed, the final sequence depicts ToeJam and Earl escaping the planet in their reconstructed spacecraft. Under the player's control, the characters proceed across a purple landscape that represents Funkotron, and are greeted by their friends and family.ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl, Sega, 1991

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<section id="30830" fatherid="0" title="Gameplay" lv="" priority="3" level="1">
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl takes place from a top-down perspective in a 2D game world. Its gameplay mechanics were inspired by Rogue, which has led to its description as a Roguelike or dungeon-crawl game. The game contains both single-player and two-player cooperative modes. The latter displays a single screen when both characters are near each other, but splits it apart when they are not. Playing the game with two players reveals dialogue and jokes between the characters not heard in the single player game.
The game is set on Earth, which is represented by randomly generated islands that float in space, each one a layer above the last. They are connected by elevators. Some islands contain pieces of spacecraft wreckage, of which the player must collect 10 to win the game. The player character drops to the island below if he falls from an island's edge, which necessitates that the player again locate an elevator.Julian Rignall and Edward "Rad" Laurence, "Mega Drive Review: ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl", Mean Machines, Nov 1991 (issue 14), pp. 106–08 Each island is populated by antagonistic "Earthlings", such as phantom ice-cream trucks, aggressive packs of "nerds", giant hamsters, Bogeymen, man-eating mailboxes, and police chickens.UGO's Guide to the Galaxy, UGO, Accessed Apr 8, 2009 Certain Earthlings aid the player. The game has been described as "largely non-violent", as the protagonists can only attack enemies with thrown tomatoes—one of many temporary, randomly generated power-ups.
Power-ups are contained in wrapped presents,Jeff Gerstmann, ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl Review, GameSpot, Jan 23, 2007, Accessed Apr 8, 2009 which are categorized by appearance. The contents of a present are invisible to the player until it is opened; afterwards, all presents of that appearance are identified. Identification of presents' contents is a central gameplay mechanic.John Harris, Game Design Essentials: 20 Mysterious Games, Gamasutra, Jan 14, 2008, Accessed Apr 8, 2009 Each power-up has a unique effect: while one might increase the player characters' running speed, another distracts enemies. Certain presents contain harmful power-ups, such the loss of a "life", or the "randomizer", which hides the identity of all presents. In the game's cooperative mode, if one player character opens a present in the vicinity of the other, its contents affect both characters. As players open more presents, the chances of accidentally opening the randomizer are increased, which prevents the game from becoming easier as more presents are identified.

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<section id="30831" fatherid="0" title="Development" lv="" priority="4" level="1">
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl creator Greg Johnson became a fan of Rogue as a university student. After he  university, he worked on games for Electronic Arts, including Starflight (1986). After the completion of Starflight 2, Johnson conceived ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl—first the characters, then the plot—while on a beach in Hawaii."Jammin' Out With Greg Johnson and Mark Voorsanger", Sega Visions, May/June 1992, pp. 38–39 The idea was a combination of Rogue's gameplay concepts and a lighter version of Starflight's science-fiction themes. Johnson met programmer Mark Voorsanger through a mutual friend, while walking on Mount Tam in 1989. He related the concept of ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl to Voorsanger, and the two resolved to make the game together. They formed Johnson Voorsanger Productions, and serious work on the game began soon after.Alistair Wallis, Playing Catch Up: ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl's Greg Johnson, Gamasutra, Nov 16, 2006, Accessed Apr 6, 2009 Their status as commercial game designers allowed them to meet with Sega of America, and they used cards covered in landscape drawings to demonstrate their idea of randomly generated levels. Sega marketing manager Hugh Bowen was immediately interested in the concept; Sega wanted innovative games and new mascots to compete with Nintendo.Travis Fahs, Funkotronics 101, IGN, Jan 15, 2009, Accessed Apr 6, 2009
The game's small development team was composed of Johnson's previous colleagues, and its music was composed by John Baker. The team's goal was to make a humorous game that was "original, easy to understand and offered an immediate response to the player's actions". The designers wanted to include a two-player mode so that they could play together, and considered ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl "a two player game with a one player option." While Sega believed that hardware issues would prevent the feature from working, Voorsanger successfully implemented it. In a 1992 interview with Sega Visions, Johnson stated that the characters ToeJam and Earl evolved as reflections of his and Voorsanger's personalities. Voorsanger disagreed, and called the characters "two different aspects of Greg's personality". Steve Purcell has stated that he contributed character designs to the game.Frank Cifaldi and Simon Carless, Playing Catch-Up: Steve Purcell, Gamasutra, July 25, 2005, Accessed Apr 6, 2009

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<section id="30832" fatherid="0" title="Reception" lv="" priority="-5" level="1">
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl received positive reviews, which Bill Paris of UGO described as "almost unanimous critical acclaim".Bill Paris, Funkotronic Alien Invasion?!, UGO, Accessed Apr 10, 2009 However, Sega deemed it a commercial failure due to low initial sales. The game built a cult following through word of mouth, and it was further aided by the Mega Drive's Christmas 1991 sales spike, caused by the release of Sonic the Hedgehog. ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl was later considered a "cult" success.
Mean Machines found the game addictive and original, but found fault with its slow-paced combat. One of the reviewers said, "Not everyone will like it—it's not normal enough for mass appeal—but I think it's destined to become a massive cult classic". GamePro called the game's originality "incredible", and praised its graphics, music and humor."Genesis Pro Review: ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl", GamePro, 16 Bit Buyer's Guide February 1992, pp. 56–57 Entertainment Weekly praised the "absolutely hilarious" sound effects and music.Bob Strauss, Is 'Zap' All There Is?, Entertainment Weekly, Nov 22, 1991, Accessed Apr 14, 2009 Jeff Csatari of Boys' Life called it a "another hot game" for the Mega Drive, alongside Sonic the Hedgehog.Jeff Csatari, "New Video Games", Boys' Life, Dec 1991, p. 44 Ed Martinez of Game Informer commended the game's soundtrack and unique concept, but found it to be too easy.Ed Martinez, "Sega's ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl 'Yo! What's up?'", Game Informer, Nov/Dec 1991 (issue 2), p. 4 A review published in both the Chicago Tribune and Rome News-Tribune likened ToeJam and Earl to "an outer-space, rap version of Abbott and Costello". The reviewers called it "the funniest game we've seen in a long time", and praised its soundtrack, graphics and action.Chip and Jonathan Carter, "Inside the Video Games", Rome News-Tribune, Dec 17, 1991, Young Romans Supplement p. 5Chip -anddocsymbol- Jonathan Carter, "2 of the best and the best, just in time for Christmas", Chicago Tribune, Dec 20, 1991, p. 62 The Toronto Star acclaimed the game's "hilariously designed split-screen two-player mode", and said, "If you've got a Sega-Genesis system, you simply must check out this awesome rap 'n' roll game".Kym Adams, "Video Games", The Toronto Star, Dec 28, 1991, p. V6 Sega Visions praised the game's "no-repetitive action" and said, "This is the zaniest game that ever rocked Sega's Genesis system.""ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl", Sega Visions, Summer 1991 (issue 5), p. 18 Several months after the game's release, Mega ranked it the 13th best Mega Drive game in its All-Time Top 100 feature. The magazine praised the game's "superbly manic and zany action", and deemed it both "original and insane".Stuart Campbell, "Mega All-Time Top 100", Mega, July 1992
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl was re-released on the Nintendo Wii's Virtual Console in 2006. Official Nintendo Magazine scored the game 85%, and praised its humor, originality and two-player mode. However, the reviewer believed that the game's enjoyability had diminished with time."Wii Shop Rated", Official Nintendo Magazine, Sept 2008 (issue 33), p. 129 GameSpot felt that the game's 1990s idioms were dated, but that the gameplay—particularly the two-player mode—was still enjoyable by modern standards. Jeremy Parish of 1UP found the game's two-player co-operative mode more enjoyable than its single-player, and described the graphics and sound as "oddly primitive". Parish considered it "one of the best games to hit VC to date".Jeremy Parish, Retro Roundup: Saturnalia Edition, 1UP, Dec 29, 2006, Accessed Apr 13, 2009 Eurogamer's reviewer negatively received the game, and believed its gameplay to be unsatisfying and overly slow. IGN called the game's visuals a "mixed bag" and derided the slow pace, but praised its unpredictability and believed that its sound design was "one thing you absolutely can't fault".Lucas M. Thomas, ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl VC Review, IGN, Jan 24, 2007, Accessed Apr 14, 2009

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<section id="30833" fatherid="0" title="Legacy" lv="" priority="-6" level="1">
ToeJam and Earl became "one of Sega's second tier mascots, alongside Sonic",Chris Johnston, Too Much Funk for GT, GameSpot,  Apr 23, 1999, Accessed Apr 13, 2009 and one of the Mega Drive's "key exclusive franchises".Staff, The Wednesday 10: Ill-Fated Franchise Reboots, IGN, Jan 28, 2009, Accessed Apr 13, 2009 The characters appeared in a spin-off light gun game, Ready, Aim, Tomatoes, developed by Johnson Voorsanger Productions as one of six mini-games for the Menacer 6-game cartridge. In early 1992, the developers began work on a sequel to ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl, and spent three months expanding on the original game's concept by adding indoor areas and more terrain types. Sega was not impressed by the sequel, and believed it to be unmarketable. The team redesigned it as a platform game, as Sega was inclined to publish games in this genre. The game, entitled ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl in Panic on Funkotron, was highly anticipated, and was a commercial and critical success when it released in 1993. However, fans of the original game were disappointed by the change in design to a perceived generic style. Due to poor North American sales of the Sega Saturn, Sega's next generation video game console, the ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl franchise was neglected. A ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl game planned for the Dreamcast was cancelled, but a third installment, ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl III: Mission to Earth, was released for the Xbox in 2002. The release returned to the concepts of the original game, but generated mixed reviews and poor sales.
ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl has been called "weird", "strange", and "thoroughly odd". Critics have difficulty in determining a genre for the game; it has been called a platform game and Roguelike, as well as action and action-adventure. While ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earls success did not match that of the Mega Drive's other popular titles, it has been considered a "classic",David Hansen, Unsung Heroes: ToeJam and Earl, Minneapolis City Pages, Apr 7, 2009, Accessed Apr 14, 2009 and a "cult" game. Prior to ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl III's conception, research by its developers found that the original ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl was preferred over its sequel.Sam Kennedy, ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl Go PlayStation 2, GameSpot, June 2, 1999, Accessed Apr 14, 2009 In an IGN survey, 65% of respondents cited it as their favorite of the three games.Levi Buchanan, ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl Favorites, IGN, Jan 20, 2009, Accessed Apr 14, 2009 The game was set to be re-released on Xbox Live Arcade after winning a poll arranged by Sega,Toejam -anddocsymbol- Earl gets XBLA re-release, Computer and Video Games, Aug 24, 2009, Accessed Oct 12, 2009 but this is uncertain because Greg Johnson owns the s to the characters rather than Sega. The notion of a ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl game for the Nintendo DS failed to generate interest from publishers, but Johnson has reiterated the possibility of such a game in the future.Brian Ashcraft, Catching Up With ToeJam -anddocsymbol- Earl, Kotaku, Nov 10, 2009, Accessed Nov 10, 2009

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<section id="30834" fatherid="0" title="References" lv="" priority="-7" level="1">
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<section id="30835" fatherid="0" title="External links" lv="" priority="-8" level="1">
Category:1991 video games
Category:Action video games
Category:Cooperative video games
Category:Fictional extraterrestrial characters
Category:Sega games
Category:Sega Mega Drive games
Category:Video games developed in the United States
Category:Virtual Console games

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